21255009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The shipments went mostly to food-service distributors that supply pizzerias and restaurants.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21255010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A spokesman for the Chinese Embassy here said that the Beijing government has taken "many effective measures" to stop the mushroom contamination and is further investigating the underlying causes.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21255011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@He predicted the problem will be solved "very soon."@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21256001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Your Sept. 26 "Politics & Policy" article about William Bennett's Emergency Drug Plan for Washington gives the impression that the FBI has not been nor is actively involved.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21256002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@This is not the case.@@@@1@5@@oe@2-2-2013
21256003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The FBI is very supportive of and an active participant in Mr. Bennett's initiative.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21256004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@It was agreed at the outset of the Washington Drug Initiative that the FBI's role would be to continue targeting the major drug traffickers through our National Drug Strategy.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21256005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Through these investigations we do not focus on the street drug user, but rather we target and attack major drug-trafficking organizations that control a large segment of the drug market.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21256006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The trial of Raful Edmond III in Washington serves to highlight our efforts in this area and the results achieved through our excellent working relationship with the Drug Enforcement Administration and the Metropolitan Police Department (MPD).@@@@1@36@@oe@2-2-2013
21256007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The FBI's role is to complement the D.C. initiative through not only these major trafficking investigations, but also by providing a full range of services through various task forces and our contacts with local police squads handling drug-related crimes.@@@@1@39@@oe@2-2-2013
21256008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In fact, we have agents assigned full time to assist the MPD in drug-related crimes such as homicide and other crimes of violence.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21256009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Milt Ahlerich Assistant Director Office of Public Affairs Federal Bureau of Investigation@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21257001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Ramada Inc. revised the terms of its restructuring and extended to Feb. 28, 1990, the deadline to complete the sale of its hotel business to New World Development Co. of Hong Kong and Prime Motor Inns Inc. of Fairfield, N.J.@@@@1@40@@oe@2-2-2013
21257002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Ramada's previous plan was derailed by upheaval in the junk-bond market that hindered the offering of $400 million in high-yield securities of Aztar Corp., the new company that will operate Ramada's casinos in Nevada and Atlantic City,@@@@1@37@@oe@2-2-2013
21257003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Under the new terms, New World will still pay $540 million for Ramada's hotel business, subject to adjustment at closing, but Ramada will now reimburse New World for $10 million in expenses.@@@@1@32@@oe@2-2-2013
21257004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Prime will still manage Ramada's domestic franchise system when the sale closes.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21257005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Revised terms call for each Ramada common share to be exchanged for $1 in cash, subject to possible reduction, and one share of Aztar common stock.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21257006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Shareholders will also receive one cent per share for the redemption of preferred stock purchase rights.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21257007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The cash payout will be reduced by 40% of any amount by which the weighted mean price of Ramada's common stock exceeds $14 on the day the transaction closes.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21257008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The provision will help provide for tax liabilities that may stem from the restructuring.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21257009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Ramada's stock rose 87.5 cents on the news to close at $11.25 in composite New York Stock Exchange trading.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21257010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The announcement dispelled some Wall Street observers' fears that New World might demand a huge premium for the delay, or scrap the deal entirely.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21257011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The previous deadline to complete the sale was Nov. 30.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21257012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@One major advantage of the revised plan is that Aztar will have far less debt than under the old terms.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21257013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"They'll go from being one of the most leveraged to one of the least leveraged casino companies," said Daniel Lee, an analyst with Drexel Burnham Lambert Inc.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21257014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Lee values the package at between $15 and $20 a share, based on current trading prices of other casino-company stocks.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21257015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The much-revised restructuring, which was first announced in October 1988, must again be approved by shareholders and state casino regulators in Nevada and New Jersey.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21257016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Financing plans include raising $170 million in debt secured by the company's holdings in New Jersey.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21257017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In May, Ramada sold its Marie Callender Pie Shops Inc. unit to a group of private investors as part of its plan to focus on its casinos in Atlantic City and in Las Vegas and Laughlin, Nev.@@@@1@37@@oe@2-2-2013
21258001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Bond prices took the high road and stock prices took the low road as worries mounted about the economy and the junk bond market.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21258002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 26.23 points to 2662.91 in sluggish trading.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21258003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But long-term Treasury bonds staged a modest rally, with prices on most issues rising about half a point, or $5 for each $1,000 face amount.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21258004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The dollar sagged against other major currencies in lethargic trading.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21258005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Traders and analysts said the divergence between the stock and bond markets is a sign of growing unease about the economic outlook.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21258006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A sinking economy depresses corporate earnings and thus stock prices, but it buoys bond prices as interest rates fall.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21258007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@That unease is expected to grow today when the government reports on September durable goods orders and again Thursday when the first assessment of third-quarter economic growth is released.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21258008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Analysts say they think durable goods orders fell about 1%, compared with a 3.9% gain in August, and that growth in the third quarter slowed to about 2.3% from the second quarter's 2.5%.@@@@1@33@@oe@2-2-2013
21258009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The stock market's decline, coming after a record weekly gain of 119.88 points, surprised some investors.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21258010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But A.C. Moore, director of research at Argus Research, said last week's rally was a reflex reaction to the Oct. 13 stock market rout.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21258011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Overall, he said, the trend in stock prices will be down as the economy weakens.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21258012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"We think we're on target in looking for renewed economic deterioration," he said.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21258013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"Corporate profits are going to decrease faster than interest rates will fall, and the probability is that we'll see negative economic growth in the fourth quarter."@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21258014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Hugh Johnson, chief investment officer at First Albany Corp., agreed that a deteriorating economy is worrisome, but he said the real concern among stock investors is that some new problem will crop up in the junk bond market.@@@@1@38@@oe@2-2-2013
21258015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In major market activity: Stock prices slumped in sluggish trading.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21258016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Volume on the New York Stock Exchange totaled 135.9 million shares.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21258017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Declining issues on the Big Board were ahead of gainers, 1,012 to 501.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21258018@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Bond prices rallied.@@@@1@3@@oe@2-2-2013
21258019@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The yield on the Treasury's benchmark 30-year bond slipped to 7.93%.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21258020@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The dollar weakened against most other major currencies.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21258021@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In late New York trading, the dollar was quoted at 1.8470 marks and 141.90 yen, compared with 1.8578 marks and 142.43 yen late Friday.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21259001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The Wall Street Journal "American Way of Buying" Survey consists of two separate, door-to-door nationwide polls conducted for the Journal by Peter D. Hart Research Associates and the Roper Organization.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21259002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The two surveys, which asked different questions, were conducted using national random probability samples.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21259003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The poll conducted by Peter D. Hart Research Associates interviewed 2,064 adults age 18 and older from June 15 to June 30, 1989.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21259004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The poll conducted by the Roper Organization interviewed 2,002 adults age 18 and older from July 7 to July 15, 1989.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21259005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Responses were weighted on the basis of age and gender to conform with U.S. Census data.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21259006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@For each poll, the odds are 19 out of 20 that if pollsters had sought to survey every household in the U.S. using the same questionnaire, the findings would differ from these poll results by no more than 2 1/2 percentage points in either direction.@@@@1@45@@oe@2-2-2013
21259007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The margin of error for subgroups -- for example, married women with children at home -- would be larger.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21259008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In addition, in any survey, there is always the chance that other factors such as question wording could introduce errors into the findings.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21259009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@(See related story: "The American Way of Buying: Is Buying a Car a Choice or a Chore? --@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21260001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Ironically, American Airlines' attempt to lead industry prices higher was reported in the same issue as your survey showing that consumers had the least confidence in the airline industry (Sept. 20).@@@@1@31@@oe@2-2-2013
21260002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@You quote Robert Crandall, chairman of American's parent, AMR Corp., as having said that discount deals for big customers would be "dumb" because "you will go to Detroit because you have to go to Detroit whether the fare is $175, $275 or $375."@@@@1@43@@oe@2-2-2013
21260003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Even if Mr. Crandall is correct, he of all people must realize our society relies on competition to keep prices at a competitive level.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21260004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In 1986, he settled an antitrust suit based on a taped telephone conversation of him proposing to Braniff's president that they both raise fares 20%.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21260005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@(Braniff declined).@@@@1@2@@oe@2-2-2013
21260006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@When I asked American Airlines for its side of the story for use in my MBA class, where I teach business ethics, it did not respond.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21260007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Perhaps the ethics of an industry's leader filters down and is one of the factors that ultimately shapes consumer trust in that industry.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21260008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Arnold Celnicker Assistant Professor Ohio State University@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21261001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Meredith Corp. is launching a new service to offer advertisers package deals combining its book, magazine and videocassette products.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21261002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The Des Moines-based publisher said it created a new Custom Marketing Group that will offer advertisers special rates for combination packages in its magazines, such as Ladies Home Journal and Better Homes and Gardens.@@@@1@34@@oe@2-2-2013
21261003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In addition, the group will create custom-designed media such as cookbooks, newspaper inserts and videos for ad campaigns.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21261004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Earlier this year, Meredith sold its first such package for $3 million to Kraft Inc., now a unit of New York-based Philip Morris Cos.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21261005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The Kraft package included a specially published cookbook, a national free-standing insert in Sunday newspapers, and a Kraft "advertorial" section that ran in five Meredith magazines.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21261006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Kraft recently agreed to spend an additional $3 million on similar programs through 1990.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21261007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Bill Murphy, director of the new marketing unit, said Meredith is negotiating other large-scale packages with leading companies in several product categories, but he wouldn't disclose their names.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21261008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Sources close to the company and ad agencies that work with Meredith said leading advertisers in consumer electronics, packaged goods and automotive products were among those negotiating ad packages with the Meredith group.@@@@1@33@@oe@2-2-2013
21261009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Other magazine publishing companies have been moving in the same direction.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21261010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The New York Times Co.'s Magazine Group earlier this year began offering advertisers extensive merchandising services built around buying ad pages in its Golf Digest magazine.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21261011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Time Warner Inc. recently formed a "synergy department" to seek out ways to offer advertisers packages that could combine Time's magazines with Warner products such as videocassettes.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21261012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Paul DuCharme, director of media services at Grey Advertising, said Meredith is the leader in providing multimedia packages.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21261013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"They may get passed up later when other publishers get their acts together, but for now they are the quickest offering the most extensive plan," he said.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21261014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Murphy of Meredith said one advertiser, which he wouldn't identify, wants Meredith to provide ad pages in seven Meredith magazines, publish an interior-decorating book that will be distributed at point of purchase, give away a videotape on installation pointers, and possibly use Meredith's Better Homes and Gardens' residential real-estate agents to distribute discount-coupon books to new homeowners.@@@@1@58@@oe@2-2-2013
21261015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"Five years ago, magazine publishers would simply bid on an advertiser's big ad schedule for their magazine," said Mr. Murphy.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21261016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"But the marketplace changed.@@@@1@4@@oe@2-2-2013
21261017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Advertisers now say `Help us improve our image and extend our selling season.'@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21261018@unknown@formal@none@1@S@They are coming to publishers looking for ideas.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21262001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Your Sept. 21 article "It's So Easy to Get Burned When Buying a Small Firm" was excellent.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21262002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@I've been advising small businesses many years and have lived with the fact that 50% will go out of business within two years, and 80% in five years.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21262003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The economic loss, jobs lost, anguish, frustration and humiliation are beyond measure.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21262004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@And most of these are absolutely unnecessary.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21262005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Your article points out the traps people fall into, but when reviewing those traps one sees just about all of them could have been avoided.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21262006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@An accountant did not review the seller's books before buying a business.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21262007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"I guess I was naive," he said.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21262008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@There is a more descriptive word to describe his lapse of common sense.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21262009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Corporate managers who want to start their own business are the highest failure risks.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21262010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@They know all the answers and are not used to working more than 40 hours a week.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21262011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The blue-collar worker who decides to start a business will listen and take advice.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21262012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@His humility gives him a much better chance of success.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21262013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A few months ago your paper reported the results of a study to determine why Asians who arrive in this country without any money, and unable to speak English, become overnight successes.@@@@1@32@@oe@2-2-2013
21262014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Their "secret" is that they gather a small group of advisers around them, listen to what they have to say, prepare a business plan and they are on their way.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21262015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Successful American business owners do the same thing.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21262016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Unfortunately, they are in the minority.@@@@1@6@@oe@2-2-2013
21262017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Avoiding failure is easy.@@@@1@4@@oe@2-2-2013
21262018@unknown@formal@none@1@S@It's unfortunate so many must learn the hard way.@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21262019@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Daniel B. Scully Tucson, Ariz.@@@@1@5@@oe@2-2-2013
21263001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The management turnover at Reebok International Ltd. continued with the resignation of company president C. Joseph LaBonte, who joined Reebok just two years ago.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21263002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. LaBonte's departure follows by two months the resignation of Mark Goldston as senior vice president and chief marketing officer after only 11 months at Reebok.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21263003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The resignations by the two executives, considered hard-charging and abrasive by Reebok insiders, reflect a difference in style with Paul Fireman, chairman and chief executive, according to several former executives.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21263004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The two executives are among a number of outsiders recruited by Reebok in the past few years to help it make the transition from a small start-up company to a marketing giant with sales last year of $1.79 billion.@@@@1@39@@oe@2-2-2013
21263005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The changes come as Reebok, which grew rapidly in the mid-1980s but has seen its sales flatten of late, is seeking to regain momentum in the athletic-shoe business against rivals Nike Inc. and L.A. Gear Inc.@@@@1@36@@oe@2-2-2013
21263006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The departures, said Alice Ruth, an analyst at Montgomery Securities in San Francisco, should enable the company to focus on business issues instead of management differences.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21263007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"I think it's more an issue of style.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21263008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@I would view it as a net positive.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21263009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The company can go about its business.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21263010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@They're in the midst of a turnaround," she noted.@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21263011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Earnings have rebounded in 1989 after a 20% decline last year.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21263012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A former executive agreed that the departures don't reflect major problems, adding: "If you see any company that grows as fast as Reebok did, it is going to have people coming and going."@@@@1@33@@oe@2-2-2013
21263013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Reebok said Mr. LaBonte will resume the presidency of Vantage Group Inc., a California-based venture capital firm that he founded in 1983.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21263014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Before that he was president and chief operating officer of Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corp.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21263015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Reebok added that Mr. Fireman will assume the title of president.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21263016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A spokesman said that neither Mr. Fireman nor Mr. LaBonte would be available for comment.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21263017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"We will not be commenting beyond the news release," the spokesman said.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21263018@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Goldston, who had been president of Faberge Inc.'s Faberge U.S.A. division before joining Reebok in September 1988, left in August to pursue other interests.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21264001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Magazine publishers are facing spiraling costs and a glut of new titles.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21264002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But even a raft of recent failures isn't stopping them from launching new publications.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21264003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@At the American Magazine Conference here, publishers are plenty worried about the industry's woes.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21264004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But they are also talking about new magazines.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21264005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@For example, Toronto-based Telemedia Inc. will publish Eating Well, a new food and health magazine due out next summer.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21264006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@New York-based Hearst Corp. this fall plans to publish its first issue of 9 Months, a magazine for expectant mothers, and has already launched American Home.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21264007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@And Time Warner Inc. is developing a spinoff of Time magazine aimed at kids, on the heels of its successful Sports Illustrated for Kids.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21264008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Over the past four years, the number of consumer magazines has increased by an average of 80 magazines annually, according to Donald Kummerfeld, president of the Magazine Publishers of America.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21264009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"This is an impressive show of faith in the future of the magazine industry," said Mr. Kummerfeld.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21264010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"Entrepreneurs don't rush to get into a stagnant or declining industry."@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21264011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@And despite the recent tough advertising climate, industry figures released at the meeting here indicate things may be turning around.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21264012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@For the first nine months, advertising pages in consumer magazines tracked by the Publishers Information Bureau increased 4% from the same period last year, to 125,849 pages.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21264013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Total magazine ad revenue for the same period increased 12% to $4.6 billion.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21264014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Though for some magazines categories a tough advertising climate persists, the industry in general is doing well compared with the newspaper industry.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21264015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Though some magazines are thriving, the magazine publishing industry remains a risky business.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21264016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Within the same nine months, News Corp. closed down In Fashion, a once-promising young woman's fashion magazine, Drake Publications Inc. has folded the long-troubled Venture magazine, and Lang Communications has announced Ms. magazine, after 17 years, will no longer carry advertising as of January.@@@@1@44@@oe@2-2-2013
21264017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Lang is cutting costs and will attempt to operate the magazine with only subscription revenue.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21264018@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Meanwhile, American Health Partners, publisher of American Health magazine, is deep in debt, and Owen Lipstein, founder and managing partner, is being forced to sell the magazine to Reader's Digest Association Inc.@@@@1@32@@oe@2-2-2013
21264019@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Lipstein's absence from the meeting here raised speculation that the sale is in trouble.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21264020@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Lipstein said in a telephone interview from New York that the sale was proceeding as planned.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21264021@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"The magazine is strong.@@@@1@4@@oe@2-2-2013
21264022@unknown@formal@none@1@S@It's simply the right time to do what we are doing," Mr. Lipstein said.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21264023@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"Magazines can no longer be considered institutions," said James Autry, president of Meredith Corp.'s magazine group.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21264024@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"Publishers will find that some magazines have served their purpose and should die," he added.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21264025@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"Magazines could, like other brands, find that they have only a limited life."@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21264026@unknown@formal@none@1@S@There are also indications that the number of magazine entrepreneurs, traditionally depended upon to break new ground with potentially risky start-ups, are dwindling.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21264027@unknown@formal@none@1@S@More than ever, independent magazines and small publishing groups are being gobbled up by larger publishing groups, such as American Express Publishing Corp., a unit of American Express Co., and Conde Nast Publications Inc., a unit of Advance Publications Inc., which are consolidating in order to gain leverage with advertisers.@@@@1@50@@oe@2-2-2013
21264028@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Some entrepreneurs are still active, though.@@@@1@6@@oe@2-2-2013
21264029@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Gerry Ritterman, president of New York-based Network Publishing Corp., earlier this year sold his Soap Opera Digest magazine to Rupert Murdoch's News Corp.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21264030@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Ritterman said that in the next six months he will take $50 million from the Soap Opera Digest sale to acquire new magazines.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21264031@unknown@formal@none@1@S@He would not reveal which magazines he is considering.@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21264032@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"The magazines I am looking for are underdeveloped," said Mr. Ritterman.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21264033@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"They could be old or new, but they are magazines whose editorial quality needs to be improved.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21264034@unknown@formal@none@1@S@They will be the next hot magazines.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21265001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@MCA Inc. said its toy-making unit agreed to buy Buddy L Corp., producer of a line of toy vehicles and preschool products.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21265002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The price wasn't disclosed, but an executive of LJN Toys Ltd., the MCA unit, said the closely held Buddy L had annual sales in excess of $20 million.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21265003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The 40-year-old Buddy L concern, based in New York, designs and develops toys under the names "Buddy L" and "My First Buddy," he said.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21265004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@MCA said it expects the proposed transaction to be completed "no later than Nov. 10.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21266001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@(During its centennial year, The Wall Street Journal will report events of the past century that stand as milestones of American business history.)@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21266002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@FRANKLIN NATIONAL BANK DIED at 3 p.m. EDT, Oct. 8, 1974, and was promptly resurrected under new owners to shore up confidence in other banks during a recession.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21266003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Arthur Burns, Federal Reserve Board chairman, said the government's "luck" in keeping the bank open -- despite being the then-biggest U.S. bank failure -- prevented "shock waves around the country and around the world."@@@@1@34@@oe@2-2-2013
21266004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Federal officials who had been probing the bank for months arranged a merger with European-American Bank & Trust, owned by six foreign banks, to avert the closedown.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21266005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@And federal insurance protected the bank's 631,163 depositors.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21266006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The crisis had peaked on May 10, 1974, when the bank disclosed "severe" foreign-exchange losses due to "unauthorized" trading.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21266007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Massive withdrawals followed and there was a brief rescue attempt, with political undertones, including $1.77 billion in Federal Reserve loans.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21266008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Within six years many figures were convicted for their illegal abuse of Franklin funds.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21266009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In June 1980, Michele Sindona -- an Italian financier who in July 1972 had bought a 22% block of Franklin's stock from Loews Corp., headed by Laurence A. Tisch -- was sentenced to 25 years in prison after being convicted of fraud and perjury.@@@@1@44@@oe@2-2-2013
21266010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Included was the charge that Sindona siphoned $45 million of Franklin funds for his other ventures.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21266011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@(Sindona in 1979 faked his "kidnapping" for 2 1/2 months to delay his trial.)@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21266012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@During 1976 to 1979, other former Franklin officials either pleaded guilty to or were found guilty of violations including phony transactions to hide the bank's losses.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21266013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Sindona, the onetime Vatican financial adviser with reported links to the Mafia, died on March 22, 1986, at age 65, reportedly after drinking cyanide-laced coffee in an Italian prison.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21266014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@It happened four days after he was sentenced to life in prison for ordering a 1979 murder.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21266015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Italian magistrates labeled his death a suicide.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21267001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In a nondescript office building south of Los Angeles, human behavior is being monitored, dissected and, ultimately, manipulated.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21267002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A squiggly line snakes across a video screen, gyrating erratically as subjects with hand-held computers register their second-by-second reactions to a speaker's remarks.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21267003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Agreement, disapproval, boredom and distraction all can be inferred from the subjects' twist of a dial.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21267004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In another experiment, an elaborate chart with color codes reveals how people's opinions were shaped -- and how they can be reshaped.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21267005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Donald Vinson, who oversees the experiments, isn't some white-coated researcher.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21267006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@He heads Litigation Sciences Inc., the nation's largest legal consulting firm, which is helping corporate America prepare for high-stakes litigation by predicting and shaping jurors' reactions.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21267007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In the process, Litigation Sciences is quietly but inexorably reshaping the world of law.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21267008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Little known outside the legal world but a powerhouse within, Litigation Sciences, a unit of Saatchi & Saatchi PLC, employs more than 100 psychologists, sociologists, marketers, graphic artists and technicians.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21267009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Twenty-one of its workers are Ph. D.s.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21267010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Among other services, the firm provides pre-trial opinion polls, creates profiles of "ideal" jurors, sets up mock trials and "shadow" juries, coaches lawyers and witnesses, and designs courtroom graphics.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21267011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Much like their cohorts in political consulting and product marketing, the litigation advisers encourage their clients to play down complex or ambiguous matters, simplify their messages and provide their target audiences with a psychological craving to make the desired choice.@@@@1@40@@oe@2-2-2013
21267012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@With jury verdicts getting bigger all the time, companies are increasingly willing to pay huge sums for such advice.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21267013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Recently, Litigation Sciences helped Pennzoil Co. win a $10.5 billion jury verdict against Texaco Inc.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21267014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@It advised the National Football League in its largely successful defense of antitrust charges by the United States Football League.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21267015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@And it helped win defense verdicts in product-liability suits involving scores of products, ranging from Firestone 500 tires to the anti-nausea drug Bendectin.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21267016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Largely as a result, Litigation Sciences has more than doubled in size in the past two years.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21267017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Its 1988 revenue was $25 million.@@@@1@6@@oe@2-2-2013
21267018@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Meanwhile, competitors are being spawned almost daily; some 300 new businesses -- many just one-person shops -- have sprung up.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21267019@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Vinson estimates the industry's total revenues approach $200 million.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21267020@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In any high-stakes case, you can be sure that one side or the other -- or even both -- is using litigation consultants.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21267021@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Despite their ubiquity, the consultants aren't entirely welcome.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21267022@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Some lawyers and scholars see the social scientists' vision of the American jury system as a far cry from the ideal presented in civics texts and memorialized on the movie screen.@@@@1@31@@oe@2-2-2013
21267023@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In the film classic "Twelve Angry Men," the crucible of deliberations unmasks each juror's bias and purges it from playing a role in the verdict.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21267024@unknown@formal@none@1@S@After hours of conflict and debate, that jury focuses on the facts with near-perfect objectivity.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21267025@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In real life, jurors may not always work that way, but some court observers question why they shouldn't be encouraged to do so rather than be programmed not to.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21267026@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Litigation consulting is, as New York trial attorney Donald Zoeller puts it, "highly manipulative."@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21267027@unknown@formal@none@1@S@He adds, "The notion they try to sell is that juries don't make decisions rationally.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21267028@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But the effort is also being made to try and cause jurors not to decide things rationally.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21267029@unknown@formal@none@1@S@I find it troubling."@@@@1@4@@oe@2-2-2013
21267030@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But Mr. Zoeller also acknowledges that consultants can be very effective.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21267031@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"It's gotten to the point where if the case is large enough, it's almost malpractice not to use them," he says.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21267032@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Others complain that the consultants' growing influence exacerbates the advantage of litigants wealthy enough to afford such pricey services.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21267033@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"The affluent people and the corporations can buy it, the poor radicals {in political cases} get it free, and everybody in between is at a disadvantage, and that's not the kind of system we want," says Amitai Etzioni, a prominent sociologist who teaches at George Washington University.@@@@1@47@@oe@2-2-2013
21267034@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Sophisticated trial consulting grew, ironically, from the radical political movements of the 1960s and 1970s before finding its more lucrative calling in big commercial cases.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21267035@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The Harrisburg 7 trial in 1972, in which Daniel Berrigan and others were charged with plotting anti-war-related violence, was a landmark.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21267036@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In that case, a group of left-leaning sociologists interviewed 252 registered voters around Harrisburg.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21267037@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The researchers discovered that Episcopalians, Presbyterians, Methodists and fundamantalist Protestants were nearly always against the defendants; the lawyers resolved to try to keep them off the jury.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21267038@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The defense also learned that college-educated people were uncharacteristically conservative about the Vietnam War.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21267039@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A more blue-collar panel became a second aim.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21267040@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Ultimately, that carefully picked jury deadlocked with a 10-2 vote to acquit, and the prosecution decided not to retry the case.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21267041@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Litigation consulting had arrived.@@@@1@4@@oe@2-2-2013
21267042@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The fledgling science went corporate in 1977 when International Business Machines Corp. hired a marketing professor to help defend a complex antitrust case.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21267043@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The problem for IBM trial lawyers Thomas Barr and David Boies was how to make such a highly technical case understandable.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21267044@unknown@formal@none@1@S@As the trial progressed, they were eager to know if the jury was keeping up with them.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21267045@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The solution devised by the professor was to hire six people who would mirror the actual jury demographically, sit in on the trial and report their reactions to him.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21267046@unknown@formal@none@1@S@He then briefed Messrs. Boies and Barr, who had the chance to tilt their next day's presentation accordingly.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21267047@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Thus, the "shadow" jury was born.@@@@1@6@@oe@2-2-2013
21267048@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Vinson, the professor, got the law bug and formed Litigation Sciences.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21267049@unknown@formal@none@1@S@(IBM won the case.)@@@@1@4@@oe@2-2-2013
21267050@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"The hardest thing in any complex case is to retain objectivity and, in some sense, your ignorance," says Mr. Boies of Cravath, Swaine & Moore.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21267051@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"What you look for in a shadow jury is very much what you do when you give an opening argument to your wife or a friend and get some response to it.@@@@1@32@@oe@2-2-2013
21267052@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A shadow jury is a way to do that in a more systematic and organized way."@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21267053@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The approach worked well in the recent antitrust case in which Energy Transportation Systems Inc. sued Santa Fe Pacific Corp. over the transport of semi-liquefied coal -- the kind of case likely to make almost anyone's eyes glaze over.@@@@1@39@@oe@2-2-2013
21267054@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Energy Transportation retained Litigation Sciences, at a cost of several hundred thousand dollars, to poll, pre-try, profile and shadow.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21267055@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Just before the actual closing arguments, the firm put the case to a vote of the five shadow jurors, each of whom was being paid $150 a day.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21267056@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The jurors, who didn't know which side had retained them, decided for Energy Transportation, and awarded $500 million in damages.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21267057@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The real jury returned days later with a $345 million victory for Energy Transportation.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21267058@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"It's just like weather forecasting," says Energy Transportation trial attorney Harry Reasoner of Vinson & Elkins.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21267059@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"It's often wrong, but it's better than consulting an Indian rain dancer."@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21267060@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Forecasting is only one part of Litigation Sciences' work.@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21267061@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Changing the outcome of the trial is what really matters.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21267062@unknown@formal@none@1@S@And to the uninitiated, some of the firm's approaches may seem chillingly manipulative.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21267063@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Theoretically, jurors are supposed to weigh the evidence in a case logically and objectively.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21267064@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Instead, Mr. Vinson says, interviews with thousands of jurors reveal that they start with firmly entrenched attitudes and try to shoe-horn the facts of the case to fit their views.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21267065@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Pre-trial polling helps the consultants develop a profile of the right type of juror.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21267066@unknown@formal@none@1@S@If it is a case in which the client seeks punitive damages, for example, depressed, underemployed people are far more likely to grant them.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21267067@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Someone with a master's degree in classical arts who works in a deli would be ideal, Litigation Sciences advises.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21267068@unknown@formal@none@1@S@So would someone recently divorced or widowed.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21267069@unknown@formal@none@1@S@(Since Litigation Sciences generally represents the defense, its job is usually to help the lawyers identify and remove such people from the jury.)@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21267070@unknown@formal@none@1@S@For personal-injury cases, Litigation Sciences seeks defense jurors who believe that most people, including victims, get what they deserve.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21267071@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Such people also typically hold negative attitudes toward the physically handicapped, the poor, blacks and women.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21267072@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The consultants help the defense lawyers find such jurors by asking questions about potential jurors' attitudes toward volunteer work, or toward particular movies or books.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21267073@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Litigation Sciences doesn't make moral distinctions.@@@@1@6@@oe@2-2-2013
21267074@unknown@formal@none@1@S@If a client needs prejudiced jurors, the firm will help find them.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21267075@unknown@formal@none@1@S@As Mr. Vinson explains it, "We don't control the facts.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21267076@unknown@formal@none@1@S@They are what they are.@@@@1@5@@oe@2-2-2013
21267077@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But any lawyer will select the facts and the strategy to employ.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21267078@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In our system of advocacy, the trial lawyer is duty bound to present the best case he possibly can."@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21267079@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Once a jury is selected, the consultants often continue to determine what the jurors' attitudes are likely to be and help shape the lawyers' presentation accordingly.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21267080@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Logic plays a minimal role here.@@@@1@6@@oe@2-2-2013
21267081@unknown@formal@none@1@S@More important are what LSI calls "psychological anchors" -- a few focal points calculated to appeal to the jury on a gut level.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21267082@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In one personal-injury case, a woman claimed she had been injured when she slipped in a pool, but the fall didn't explain why one of her arms was discolored bluish.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21267083@unknown@formal@none@1@S@By repeatedly drawing the jury's attention to the arm, the defense lawyers planted doubt about the origin of the woman's injuries.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21267084@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The ploy worked.@@@@1@3@@oe@2-2-2013
21267085@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The defense won.@@@@1@3@@oe@2-2-2013
21267086@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In a classic defense of a personal-injury case, the consultants concentrate on encouraging the jury to shift the blame.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21267087@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"The ideal defense in a case involving an accident is to persuade the jurors to hold the accident victim responsible for his or her plight," Mr. Vinson has written.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21267088@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Slick graphics, pre-tested for effectiveness, also play a major role in Litigation Sciences' operation.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21267089@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Studies show, the consultants say, that people absorb information better and remember it longer if they receive it visually.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21267090@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Computer-generated videos help.@@@@1@3@@oe@2-2-2013
21267091@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"The average American watches seven hours of TV a day.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21267092@unknown@formal@none@1@S@They are very visually sophisticated," explains LSI graphics specialist Robert Seltzer.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21267093@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Lawyers remain divided about whether anything is wrong with all this.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21267094@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Supporters acknowledge that the process aims to manipulate, but they insist that the best trial lawyers have always employed similar tactics.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21267095@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"They may not have been able to articulate it all, but they did it," says Stephen Gillers, a legal ethics expert at New York University law school.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21267096@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"What you have here is intuition made manifest."@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21267097@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Many lawyers maintain that all's fair in the adversary system as long as no one tampers with the evidence.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21267098@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Others point out that lawyers in small communities have always had a feel for public sentiment -- and used that to advantage.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21267099@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Litigation consulting isn't a guarantee of a favorable outcome.@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21267100@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Litigation Sciences concedes that in one in 20 cases it was flatout wrong in its predictions.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21267101@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A few attorneys offer horror stories of jobs botched by consultants or of overpriced services -- as when one lawyer paid a consultant (not at Litigation Sciences) $70,000 to interview a jury after a big trial and later read more informative interviews with the same jurors in The American Lawyer magazine.@@@@1@51@@oe@2-2-2013
21267102@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Some litigators scoff at the notion that a sociologist knows more than they do about what makes a jury tick.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21267103@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"The essence of being a trial lawyer is understanding how people of diverse backgrounds react to you and your presentation," says Barry Ostrager of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, who recently won a huge case on behalf of insurers against Shell Oil Co.@@@@1@42@@oe@2-2-2013
21267104@unknown@formal@none@1@S@He says he used consultants in the case but "found them to be virtually useless."@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21267105@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But most lawyers accept that the marketplace has spoken.@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21267106@unknown@formal@none@1@S@And the question remains whether the jury system can maintain its integrity while undergoing such a skillful massage.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21267107@unknown@formal@none@1@S@For more than a decade, Mr. Etzioni, the sociologist, has been a leading critic of the masseurs.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21267108@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"There's no reason to believe that juries rule inappropriately," he says.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21267109@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"But the last thing you want to do is manipulate the subconscious to make them think better.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21267110@unknown@formal@none@1@S@What you then do is you make them think inappropriately."@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21267111@unknown@formal@none@1@S@To hamper the work of litigation scientists, he suggests that courts sharply limit the number of jurors that lawyers can remove from the jury panel through so-called peremptory challenges -- exclusions that don't require explanations.@@@@1@35@@oe@2-2-2013
21267112@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In most civil cases, judges allow each side three such challenges.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21267113@unknown@formal@none@1@S@For complex cases, judges sometimes allow many more.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21267114@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Etzioni also suggests forbidding anyone from gathering background information about the jurors.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21267115@unknown@formal@none@1@S@(Some courts release names and addresses, and researchers can drive by houses, look up credit ratings, and even question neighbors.)@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21267116@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Furthermore, he says, psychologists should not be allowed to analyze jurors' personalities.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21267117@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Even some lawyers who have used consultants to their advantage see a need to limit their impact.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21267118@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Boies, the first lawyer to use Mr. Vinson's services, cautions against courts' allowing extensive jury questioning (known as voir dire) or giving out personal information about the jurors.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21267119@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"The more extensive the voir dire, the easier you make it for that kind of research to be effective, and I don't think courts should lend themselves to that," Mr. Boies says.@@@@1@32@@oe@2-2-2013
21268001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Silicon Graphics Inc., a fast-growing maker of computer workstations, said it landed two federal government contracts worth more than $100 million over the next five years.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21268002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@One award is part of a Department of Defense contract to Loral Rolm Mil-Spec Computers and could be valued at more than $100 million over five years.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21268003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The other involves the sale of about 35 of the company's high-end workstations to the National Institutes of Health.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21268004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The models, which cost about $75,000 each, will be used in research.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21268005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The awards are evidence that Silicon Graphics' approach to computer graphics is catching on with users of powerful desktop computers, analysts said.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21268006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"The company's on a roll," said Robert Herwick, an analyst at Hambrecht & Quist.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21268007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"No other {computer} vendor offers graphics performance that good for their price."@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21268008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In the battle to supply desktop computers for researchers and design engineers, most of the attention is given to the biggest competitors: Sun Microsystems Inc., Hewlett-Packard Co. and Digital Equipment Corp., which make computers mainly aimed at a wide range of engineering and scientific needs.@@@@1@45@@oe@2-2-2013
21268009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Silicon Graphics, on the other hand, has targeted a specific niche since its inception in 1982, which has been dubbed by some as "motion-picture computing."@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21268010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@This is a style of "visual" computing that provides three-dimensional, color models of everything from the inside of a house to the latest in women's fashion.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21268011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Though Silicon Graphics is much smaller than Digital, Hewlett and Sun, it has emerged in recent years as a feared adversary in this graphics portion of the workstation market.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21268012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In addition, the company has made it tough on competitors by offering a stream of desktop computers at sharply lower prices.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21268013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A year ago, Silicon Graphics introduced a model priced at $15,000 -- almost as cheap as mainstream workstations that don't offer special graphics features.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21268014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Silicon Graphics also plans to unveil even less expensive machines in the near future.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21268015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"It's pretty safe to assume we can bring the cost down of these systems by 30% to 40% a year," said Edward McCracken, the company's chief executive officer.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21268016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Silicon Graphics' strategy seems to be paying off.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21268017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Revenue for its first quarter ended Sept. 30 was $86.4 million, a 95% increase over the year-ago period.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21268018@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Profit was $5.2 million, compared with $1 million for the year-ago quarter.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21269001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Remember those bulky, thick-walled refrigerators of 30 years ago?@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21269002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@They, or at least something less efficient than today's thin-walled units, may soon be making a comeback.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21269003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@That something, whatever it is, could add as much as $100 to the $600 or so consumers now pay for lower-priced refrigerators.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21269004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@These and other expensive changes in products ranging from auto air conditioners to foam cushioning to commercial solvents are in prospect because of something called the Montreal Protocol, signed by 24 nations in 1987.@@@@1@34@@oe@2-2-2013
21269005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In one of the most sweeping environmental regulatory efforts to date -- involving products with an annual value of $135 billion in the U.S. alone -- the signatories agreed to curtail sharply the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).@@@@1@37@@oe@2-2-2013
21269006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@World-wide production would be cut in half by 1998.@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21269007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The U.S. Senate liked the treaty so well it ratified it by a vote of 89 to 0.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21269008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Not to be outdone, George Bush wants CFCs banished altogether by the year 2000, a goal endorsed at an 80-nation U.N. environmental meeting in Helsinki in the spring.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21269009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@That's a lot of banishment, as it turns out.@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21269010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@CFCs are the primary ingredient in a gas, often referred to by the Du Pont trade name Freon, which is compressed to liquid form to serve as the cooling agent in refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment.@@@@1@35@@oe@2-2-2013
21269011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Gases containing CFCs are pumped into polyurethane to make the foam used in pillows, upholstery and insulation.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21269012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Polyurethane foam is a highly efficient insulator, which accounts for why the walls of refrigerators and freezers can be thinner now than they were back in the days when they were insulated with glass fiber.@@@@1@35@@oe@2-2-2013
21269013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But even though by some estimates it might cost the world as much as $100 billion between now and the year 2000 to convert to other coolants, foaming agents and solvents and to redesign equipment for these less efficient substitutes, the Montreal Protocol's legions of supporters say it is worth it.@@@@1@51@@oe@2-2-2013
21269014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@They insist that CFCs are damaging the earth's stratospheric ozone layer, which screens out some of the sun's ultraviolet rays.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21269015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Hence, as they see it, if something isn't done earthlings will become ever more subject to sunburn and skin cancer.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21269016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Peter Teagan, a specialist in heat transfer, is running a project at Arthur D. Little Inc., of Cambridge, Mass., to find alternative technologies that will allow industry to eliminate CFCs.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21269017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In addition to his interest in ozone depletion he has extensively studied the related topic of global warming, a theory that mankind's generation of carbon dioxide through increased combustion of fossil fuels is creating a "greenhouse effect" that will work important climatic changes in the earth's atmosphere over time.@@@@1@49@@oe@2-2-2013
21269018@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"I would be the first to admit that there is not a complete consensus in the scientific community on either one of these problems," says Mr. Teagan.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21269019@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"In the kind of literature I read I come across countervailing opinions quite frequently.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21269020@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But the nature of the problem is such that many others feel it has to be addressed soon, before all the evidence is in.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21269021@unknown@formal@none@1@S@We can't afford to wait."@@@@1@5@@oe@2-2-2013
21269022@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But does it have to be so soon?@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21269023@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Some atmospheric scientists think that even if CFCs were released into the atmosphere at an accelerating rate, the amount of ozone depletion would be only 10% by the middle of the next century.@@@@1@33@@oe@2-2-2013
21269024@unknown@formal@none@1@S@It's easy to get something comparable by simply moving to a higher altitude in the U.S.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21269025@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Moreover, there are questions, particularly among atmospheric scientists who know this subject best, about the ability of anyone to know what in fact is happening to the ozone layer.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21269026@unknown@formal@none@1@S@It is generally agreed that when CFCs rise from earth to stratosphere, the chlorine in them is capable of interfering with the process through which ultraviolet rays split oxygen molecules and form ozone.@@@@1@33@@oe@2-2-2013
21269027@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But ozone creation is a very large-scale natural process and the importance of human-generated CFCs in reducing it is largely a matter of conjecture.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21269028@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The ozone layer is constantly in motion and thus very hard to measure.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21269029@unknown@formal@none@1@S@What scientists have known since the late 1970s is that there is a hole in the layer over Antarctica that expands or contracts from year to year.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21269030@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But it is at least worthy of some note that there are very few refrigerators in Antarctica.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21269031@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Moreover, surely someone has noticed that household refrigerators are closed systems, running for many years without either the CFC gas or the insulation ever escaping.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21269032@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Another argument of the environmentalists is that if substitutes are available, why not use them?@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21269033@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Teagan cites a list of substitutes but none, so far, match the nonflammable, nontoxic CFCs.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21269034@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Butane and propane can be used as coolants, for example, but are flammable.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21269035@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Moreover, new lubricants will be needed to protect compressors from the new formulations, which, as with CFCs, are solvents.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21269036@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Teagan points out as well that if the equipment designed to get along without CFCs is less efficient than current devices, energy consumption will rise and that will worsen the greenhouse effect.@@@@1@33@@oe@2-2-2013
21269037@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Folks in the Midwest who just suffered a mid-October snowstorm may wonder where the greenhouse was when they needed it, but let's not be flippant about grave risks.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21269038@unknown@formal@none@1@S@As it happens, Arthur D. Little is not at all interested in throwing cold water on ozone depletion and global warming theories.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21269039@unknown@formal@none@1@S@It is interested in making some money advising industry on how to convert to a world without CFCs.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21269040@unknown@formal@none@1@S@There is, after all, big money in environmentalism.@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21269041@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Maybe we should ask why it was that Du Pont so quickly capitulated and issued a statement, giving it wide publicity, that it was withdrawing CFCs.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21269042@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Freon, introduced in 1930, revolutionized America by making refrigeration and air conditioning practical after all.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21269043@unknown@formal@none@1@S@One answer is that big companies are growing weary of fighting environmental movements and are trying instead to cash in on them, although they never care to put it quite that way.@@@@1@32@@oe@2-2-2013
21269044@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Du Pont, as it happens, has a potential substitute for CFCs.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21269045@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Imperial Chemical Industries of the U.K. also has one, and is building a plant in Louisiana to produce it.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21269046@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Japanese chemical companies are at work developing their own substitutes and hoping to conquer new markets, of course.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21269047@unknown@formal@none@1@S@There are still others who don't mind seeing new crises arise.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21269048@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Environmental groups would soon go out of business were they not able to send out mailings describing the latest threat and asking for money to fight it.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21269049@unknown@formal@none@1@S@University professors and consultants with scientific credentials saw a huge market for their services evaporate when price decontrol destroyed the energy crisis and thus the demand for "alternative energy."@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21269050@unknown@formal@none@1@S@They needed new crises to generate new grants and contracts.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21269051@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In other words, environmentalism has created a whole set of vested interests that fare better when there are many problems than when there are few.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21269052@unknown@formal@none@1@S@That tends to tilt the public debate toward "solutions" even when some of the most knowledgeable scientists are skeptical about the seriousness of the threats and the insistence of urgency.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21269053@unknown@formal@none@1@S@There is an element of make-work involved.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21269054@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Consumers pay the bill for all this in the price of a refrigerator or an air-conditioned car.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21269055@unknown@formal@none@1@S@If they were really getting insurance against environmental disaster, the price would be cheap.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21269056@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But if there is no impending threat, it can get to be very expensive.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21270001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@but worries about 1990.@@@@1@4@@oe@2-2-2013
21270002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@With most legislatures adjourned for the year, small business is tallying its scorecard.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21270003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Much of its attention was spent fighting organized labor's initiatives on issues the small-business community traditionally opposes -- from raising state minimum wage levels to mandating benefits in health plans.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21270004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@While results were mixed in many states, "small business got by fairly well," concludes Don L. Robinson, associate director of the National Federation of Independent Business, the largest small-business organization.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21270005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Five states -- Oregon, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Iowa and Wisconsin -- passed bills to boost the minimum wage, but measures in 19 other states were defeated.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21270006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Oregon's rate will rise to $4.75 an hour, the nation's highest, in Jan. 1, 1991.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21270007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Iowa's will be the second highest -- at $4.65 an hour in January 1992 -- but small-business lobbyists won an exclusion for tiny concerns and a lower training rate.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21270008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In 17 central states, one small-business count shows lawmakers adopted only three of 46 bills mandating health coverage or parental leave.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21270009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The Illinois Legislature narrowly passed a parental-leave bill, which Gov. James Thompson vetoed, and Iowa and Tennessee amended laws to require that employers pay for breast-cancer exams.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21270010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Small business is bracing for an avalanche of similar proposals next year.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21270011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"Those kinds of issues always keep coming back," says Robert Beckwith, who manages the Illinois Chamber of Commerce's small-business office.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21270012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@DESPITE VICTORIES this year, small business fears losing parental-leave war.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21270013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Only two states -- Vermont and Washington -- this year joined five others requiring private employers to grant leaves of absence to employees with newborn or adopted infants.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21270014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Similar proposals were defeated in at least 15 other states.@@@@1@10@@oe@2-2-2013
21270015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But small business, which generally detests government-mandated benefits, has taken note of the growing number of close votes.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21270016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"It's just a matter of time before the tide turns," says one Midwestern lobbyist.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21270017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Consequently, small business is taking more "pro-active" steps to counter mandated leaves.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21270018@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In Pennsylvania, small businesses are pushing for a voluntary alternative; they favor a commission that would develop sample leave policies that employers could adopt.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21270019@unknown@formal@none@1@S@They also support a tax credit for employers to offset the cost of hiring and training workers who temporarily replace employees on parental leave.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21270020@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In 1990, the issue is expected to be especially close in Alaska, California, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania and Illinois.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21270021@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"We'll be playing a lot of defense, especially in the Midwest and Northeast," says Jim Buente of the NFIB.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21270022@unknown@formal@none@1@S@IN LOS ANGELES, more small businesses ponder adopting a child-care policy.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21270023@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Triggering the re-examination is a recent city council decision to give preference in letting city contracts to suppliers with a stated policy on child care for their employees.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21270024@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The preferential treatment even applies to awarding small contracts under $25,000 and consulting and temporary services -- which often go to the smaller concerns.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21270025@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Firms are permitted wide flexibility in the child-care arrangements they provide.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21270026@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Council member Joy Picus, the measure's chief advocate, considers it part of a "pro-family policy" that makes Los Angeles a leader in "humanizing the workplace."@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21270027@unknown@formal@none@1@S@NOVEMBER BALLOTS will contain few referendum or initiative issues that especially affect small business.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21270028@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In San Francisco, small businesses are urging passage of a local initiative to build a new $95 million downtown baseball stadium; they believe it will spur retail sales and hotel-restaurant business.@@@@1@31@@oe@2-2-2013
21270029@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But in Washington state, small business generally opposes an initiative to boost spending on children's programs by $360 million, fearing the state's 7.8% sales tax will be raised to finance the outlays.@@@@1@32@@oe@2-2-2013
21270030@unknown@formal@none@1@S@DIALING DOLLARS:@@@@1@2@@oe@2-2-2013
21270031@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Small businesses in suburban Chicago are discovering that an area-code switch Nov. 11 -- to 708 from the familiar 312 -- won't be without some costs as they alter stationery, among other things, and notify customers.@@@@1@36@@oe@2-2-2013
21270032@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Wessels & Pautsch, a small St. Charles law firm, plans to mail 500 customers a list of its lawyers' new phone and fax numbers as well as updated Rolodex cards.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21270033@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But many owners plan to practice frugality -- crossing out the old code and writing in the new one until their stock runs out.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21270034@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Even print-shop operator Clay Smith of Naperville won't discard his old supply.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21270035@unknown@formal@none@1@S@(He reports his business is up slightly from customers replacing old stock.)@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21270036@unknown@formal@none@1@S@CALIFORNIA, A TREND-SETTER in franchising rules, stirs a controversy.@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21270037@unknown@formal@none@1@S@With some new rules, state officials say they made it easier -- and faster -- to sell new franchises whose terms stray from those in state-registered contracts.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21270038@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Previously, regulators insisted that franchisers pre-register such changes with the state -- a costly process taking at least six weeks.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21270039@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Now some negotiated sales that meet a series of tests don't have to be pre-registered.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21270040@unknown@formal@none@1@S@For instance, franchisers no longer must pre-register sales to aspiring franchisees who qualify as "sophisticated purchasers."@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21270041@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Such buyers must have a minimum net worth of $1 million, $200,000 annual income, or recent experience in the business area of the franchise being sold.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21270042@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But critics consider the changes regressive.@@@@1@6@@oe@2-2-2013
21270043@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Lewis G. Rudnick, a Chicago lawyer who represents franchisers, contends California is narrowly limiting -- rather than expanding -- opportunities for negotiating sales.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21270044@unknown@formal@none@1@S@He argues California regulators historically have misinterpreted their law -- and he says negotiated sales that aren't pre-registered have been legal all along.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21270045@unknown@formal@none@1@S@San Francisco lawyer Timothy H. Fine, who represents franchisees, insists California's cautiousness helps protect franchisees from crafty sales negotiators who push unlawful clauses.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21270046@unknown@formal@none@1@S@SMALL TALK:@@@@1@2@@oe@2-2-2013
21270047@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A new Maryland law frees store owners of liability if a customer trips or otherwise gets hurt on the way to the restroom. . . .@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21270048@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Only 4% of Missouri small businesses surveyed say they've tested an employee or applicant for drug or alcohol use. . . .@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21270049@unknown@formal@none@1@S@By 52%-36%, Tennessee NFIB members favor laws to limit foreign ownership of land and facilities in the state.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21271001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@About 400,000 commuters trying to find their way through the Bay area's quake-torn transportation system wedged cheek-to-jowl into subways, sat in traffic jams on major freeways or waited forlornly for buses yesterday.@@@@1@32@@oe@2-2-2013
21271002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In other words, it was a better-than-average Manhattan commute.@@@@1@9@@oe@2-2-2013
21271003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@City officials feared widespread gridlock on the first day that normal business operations were resumed following last Tuesday's earthquake.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21271004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The massive temblor, which killed at least 61 people, severed the Bay Bridge, a major artery to the east, and closed most ramps leading to and from Highway 101, the biggest artery to the south.@@@@1@35@@oe@2-2-2013
21271005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@It will take several weeks to repair the bridge, and several months to repair some of the 101 connections.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21271006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But in spite of a wind-driven rainstorm, gridlock never materialized, mainly because the Bay Area Rapid Transit subway system carried 50% more passengers than normal.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21271007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@For the first time in memory, it was standing-room only in BART's sleek, modern railcars.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21271008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Moreover, the two main bridges still connecting San Francisco with the East Bay didn't charge tolls, allowing traffic to zip through without stopping.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21271009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Officials also suspect that traffic benefited from steps by major employers to get workers to come in at odd hours, or that many workers are still staying at home.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21271010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Many commuters who normally drove across the Bay Bridge, which is shut down for several weeks because of damage to one span, actually may have reached work a bit faster on BART yesterday, provided they could find a parking space at the system's jammed stations.@@@@1@45@@oe@2-2-2013
21271011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In the best of times, the Bay Bridge is the worst commute in the region, often experiencing back-ups of 20 to 30 minutes or more.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21271012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Not that getting into town was easy.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21271013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Storm flooding caused back-ups on the freeway, and many commuters had to find rides to BART's stations, because parking lots were full before dawn.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21271014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Bus schedules were sometimes in disarray, stranding commuters such as Marilyn Sullivan.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21271015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Her commute from Petaluma, Calif., normally takes an hour and 15 minutes, via the Golden Gate Bridge, which connects San Francisco with the North Bay area.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21271016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Yesterday, she was still waiting at a bus stop after three hours, trying to transfer to a bus going to the financial district.@@@@1@23@@oe@2-2-2013
21271017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"It's worse than I thought," she said.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21271018@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"I don't know where all the buses are."@@@@1@8@@oe@2-2-2013
21271019@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But while traffic was heavy early in the commute over the Golden Gate, by 8 a.m. it already had thinned out.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21271020@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"It's one of the smoothest commutes I've ever had," said Charles Catania, an insurance broker on the bus from Mill Valley in Marin County.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21271021@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"It looks like a holiday.@@@@1@5@@oe@2-2-2013
21271022@unknown@formal@none@1@S@I think a lot of people got scared and stayed home."@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21271023@unknown@formal@none@1@S@However, a spokeswoman for BankAmerica Corp. said yesterday's absenteeism at the bank holding company was no greater than on an average day.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21271024@unknown@formal@none@1@S@At the San Mateo Bridge, which connects the San Francisco peninsula with the East Bay, police were surprised at the speed with which traffic moved.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21271025@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"Everybody pretty much pitched in and cooperated," said Stan Perez, a sergeant with the California Highway Patrol.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21271026@unknown@formal@none@1@S@There were many indications that the new work hours implemented by major corporations played a big role.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21271027@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The Golden Gate handled as many cars as normally yesterday, but over four hours rather than the usual two-hour crush.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21271028@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Bechtel Group Inc., the giant closely held engineering concern, says it has instituted a 6 a.m. to 8 p.m. flextime arrangement, whereby employees may select any eight-hour period during those hours to go to work.@@@@1@35@@oe@2-2-2013
21271029@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Of Bechtel's 17,500 employees, about 4,000 work in San Francisco -- one-third of them commuting from stricken East Bay.@@@@1@19@@oe@2-2-2013
21271030@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Pacific Gas & Electric Co. is offering its 6,000 San Francisco employees a two-tier flextime schedule -- either 6 a.m. to 2 p.m. or 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21271031@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The flextime may cut by almost a third the number of PG&E employees working conventional 9-5 hours, a spokesman says.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21271032@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Some of the utility's employees may opt for a four-day workweek, 10 hours a day, to cut the commute by 20%.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21271033@unknown@formal@none@1@S@At Pacific Telesis Group, flextime is left up to individual working groups, because some of the telephone company's employees must be on-site during normal business hours, a spokeswoman says.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21271034@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Some individuals went to some lengths on their own to avoid the anticipated gridlock.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21271035@unknown@formal@none@1@S@One senior vice president at Bechtel said he got up at 3 a.m. to drive into San Francisco from the East Bay.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21271036@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But transportation officials worry that such extraordinary measures and cooperation may not last.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21271037@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Although one transportation official said drivers who didn't use car pools were committing "an anti-social act," about two-thirds of the motorists crossing the Golden Gate were alone, compared with the normal 70% rate.@@@@1@33@@oe@2-2-2013
21271038@unknown@formal@none@1@S@And some commuters, relieved by the absence of gridlock, were planning to return to their old ways.@@@@1@17@@oe@2-2-2013
21272001@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Garry Kasparov went to combat Sunday with the world's most advanced chess computer and kicked it around -- symbolically, anyway -- like an old tin can.@@@@1@26@@oe@2-2-2013
21272002@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Playing black in the first game, the human champion maneuvered Deep Thought, known for its attacking prowess, into a totally passive position.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21272003@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Then he unleashed his own, unstoppable, attack.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21272004@unknown@formal@none@1@S@And in the second game, with Mr. Kasparov advancing ferociously as white, D.T. offered feeble resistance and lost even faster.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21272005@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Well, mankind can rest easier for now.@@@@1@7@@oe@2-2-2013
21272006@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Though almost everybody at the playing site had been looking for the 26-year-old Soviet to beat the Pennsylvania-based computer, he gave the machine a far worse drubbing than many expected.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21272007@unknown@formal@none@1@S@And when Mr. Kasparov strode into the playing hall, he called the outcome.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21272008@unknown@formal@none@1@S@As if he were Iron Mike, about to enter the ring with a 98-pound weakling, he declared: "I'll be able to beat any computer for the next five years."@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21272009@unknown@formal@none@1@S@His strategy against D.T. was based on a thorough study of dozens of its games, he said, including its notorious whippings of the grandmasters Bent Larsen of Denmark and Robert Byrne of the U.S.@@@@1@34@@oe@2-2-2013
21272010@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Kasparov was underwhelmed.@@@@1@4@@oe@2-2-2013
21272011@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"The computer's mind is too straight, too primitive," lacking the intuition and creativity needed to reach the top, he said.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21272012@unknown@formal@none@1@S@The champion apparently was not worried at all about D.T.'s strong points.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21272013@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Its chief builder, Taiwan-born Feng-hsiung Hsu, nicknamed his brainchild "the Weasel" for its tactical flair at wriggling out of horrible positions.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21272014@unknown@formal@none@1@S@D.T. also has a prodigious and flawless memory, is utterly fearless, and couldn't be distracted by the sexy nude sculptures spread around the playing hall, in the New York Academy of Art.@@@@1@32@@oe@2-2-2013
21272015@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In fact, D.T. never left home, Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, but communicated with its human handlers by telephone link.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21272016@unknown@formal@none@1@S@They conceded that the odds favored Mr. Kasparov, but they put their hope in D.T.'s recently enhanced capacity for examining positions -- up to a million per second, from 720,000.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21272017@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But the handlers mistakenly stuck with silicon chips; they needed kryptonite.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21272018@unknown@formal@none@1@S@This became apparent as game one, a Sicilian Defense by Mr. Kasparov, proceeded.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21272019@unknown@formal@none@1@S@No human can examine millions of moves, but Mr. Kasparov, using his ineffably powerful brain, consistently found very good ones.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21272020@unknown@formal@none@1@S@After eight moves by each side, the board was the same as in a game in which Nigel Short of Great Britain fought the champion to a draw in 1980.@@@@1@30@@oe@2-2-2013
21272021@unknown@formal@none@1@S@But the computer didn't play Mr. Short's ninth move, a key pawn thrust, and its position deteriorated rapidly.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21272022@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Instead of castling, a standard measure to safeguard the king, D.T. made a second-rate rook maneuver at move 13; then it put a knight offside on move 16.@@@@1@28@@oe@2-2-2013
21272023@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"Only two classes of minds would think of this -- very weak human players, and computers," said Edmar Mednis, the expert commentator for the match, which was attended by hundreds of chess fans.@@@@1@33@@oe@2-2-2013
21272024@unknown@formal@none@1@S@By move 21, D.T. had fallen into a deep positional trap.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21272025@unknown@formal@none@1@S@It allowed Mr. Kasparov to exchange his dark-squared bishop for one of D.T.'s knights.@@@@1@14@@oe@2-2-2013
21272026@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Bishops usually are worth slightly more than knights, but in this case Mr. Kasparov was left with a very dangerous knight and D.T.'s surviving bishop was reduced to passivity.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21272027@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Indeed, it looked more like a pawn, a "tall pawn," as spectators snidely put it.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21272028@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Consistently, D.T. was over-optimistic about its chances, which it continually sized up, in numerical form.@@@@1@15@@oe@2-2-2013
21272029@unknown@formal@none@1@S@When most spectators thought its position hopeless, the computer thought it was only, in effect, one-half of a pawn down.@@@@1@20@@oe@2-2-2013
21272030@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Such evaluations met with derision, and kept the machine from resigning as soon as humans would have -- prompting more derision.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21272031@unknown@formal@none@1@S@While D.T. shuffled its king back and forth in a defensive crouch, Mr. Kasparov maneuvered the knight to a dominant outpost.@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21272032@unknown@formal@none@1@S@He also launched a kingside storm, sacrificing a pawn to denude D.T.'s king.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21272033@unknown@formal@none@1@S@No amount of weasling could have saved this game for D.T.@@@@1@11@@oe@2-2-2013
21272034@unknown@formal@none@1@S@A piece down, the computer resigned.@@@@1@6@@oe@2-2-2013
21272035@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Now, with the crowd in the analysis room smelling figurative blood, the only question seemed to be how fast Mr. Kasparov could win game two.@@@@1@25@@oe@2-2-2013
21272036@unknown@formal@none@1@S@With the advantage of playing white (which moves first), Mr. Kasparov followed up cleverly against the computer's defense, a Queen's Gambit Accepted.@@@@1@22@@oe@2-2-2013
21272037@unknown@formal@none@1@S@As early as move six, Mr. Kasparov deviated from a well-known sequence of moves, developing a knight instead of making a standard bishop attack against the computer's advanced knight.@@@@1@29@@oe@2-2-2013
21272038@unknown@formal@none@1@S@This left the computer with a broader range of plausible replies -- and it immediately blundered by moving a queenside pawn, to the neglect of kingside development.@@@@1@27@@oe@2-2-2013
21272039@unknown@formal@none@1@S@"In a new position just after the opening, a computer will have serious problems," Mr. Kasparov said later.@@@@1@18@@oe@2-2-2013
21272040@unknown@formal@none@1@S@In such positions, he explained, "you have to create something new, and the computer isn't able to do that right now."@@@@1@21@@oe@2-2-2013
21272041@unknown@formal@none@1@S@After only 11 moves for each side, the computer's position was shaky.@@@@1@12@@oe@2-2-2013
21272042@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Greedily, it grabbed a pawn, at the cost of facing a brutal attack.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013
21272043@unknown@formal@none@1@S@And when a defensive move was called for, D.T. passed up an obvious pawn move and instead exposed its queen to immediate tactical threats.@@@@1@24@@oe@2-2-2013
21272044@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Mr. Kasparov remarked later that "even a weak club player" would have avoided the queen move.@@@@1@16@@oe@2-2-2013
21272045@unknown@formal@none@1@S@Now, after only a dozen moves, spectators were looking for a mating combination.@@@@1@13@@oe@2-2-2013